کتابخانه

Title: Test Procedures for the Blood Compatibility of Biomaterials | Author(s): S. Dawids (auth.), S. Dawids (eds.) | Publisher: Springer | Year: 1993 | Edition: 1 | Language: English | Pages: 684 | ISBN: 978-94-010-4716-6, 978-94-011-1640- | Size: 21 MB | Extension: pdf

This book represents the first European effort to provide a collection of test descriptions used in evaluation of the compatibility of biomaterials in contact with tissues and blood. The urge to compile this book arose from the fact that it is the properties of the material which ultimatively seem to determine the functional outcome of a medical device, almost regardless of how ingenious the construction of the very device is. The longer the exposure is, the more important these basic properties become. Unfortunately only a small part of the interactive phenomena is fully elucidated and understood. This challenge reflects itself in an effort to cover numerous aspects of testing, beginning with fundamental analysis of the material, continuing with the mechanical properties, the resistance to degradation and the analysis of surface and chemical properties including adsorption patterns of proteins ending with test on cell cultures, ex vivo and in vivo. A number of the tests which are generally accepted as being important are already described as official requirements (primarily Pharmacopeas). These official requirements are not included in order to limit the size of the book. It is the aim of this book to present the tests like a recipe in a uniform way to ease the reader in finding his/her way through the material and to present it as a kind of "cook-book" in an order to provide an easy access to copy the procedures. This has unfortunately not been possible in all circumstances.

Table of contents :
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Introduction....Pages 1-1
Haemocompatibility, What Does It Mean?....Pages 3-11
Guidelines For Selecting The Proper Animal Species For A Particular Test....Pages 13-34
Introduction....Pages 35-43
Test for Short Time Stress and Strain....Pages 45-47
Test for Tensile Stress....Pages 49-53
Test for Tear Strength....Pages 55-57
Test for Dynamic Stress and Strain....Pages 59-62
Test for Material Fatigue....Pages 63-66
Test for Creep, Relaxation and Set....Pages 67-70
Test for Material Compliance....Pages 71-73
Test for Porosity of Vascular Grafts....Pages 75-77
Introduction....Pages 79-87
Boiling Test for In Vitro Degradation of Biomaterials....Pages 89-96
Enzymatic In Vitro Degradation of Polymers....Pages 97-103
Tissue Implantation Test....Pages 105-113
Introduction....Pages 115-116
Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA)....Pages 117-136
Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS)....Pages 137-150
Fourier Transform Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR)....Pages 151-170
Fourier Transform Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR): Application to Proteins Adsorption Studies....Pages 171-184
Calcium-Thiocyanate Method for the Quantification of Sites on Polymer Surfaces....Pages 185-196
Contact Angles and Surface Free Energies of Solids....Pages 197-209
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)....Pages 211-228
Introduction....Pages 229-234
Test for Plasma Protein Adsorption to Biomaterials using an Enzyme-Immunoassay....Pages 235-245
The Detection of Adsorbed Plasma Proteins from Membrane Materials Using SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Desorbed Proteins....Pages 247-268
Reflectometry as a Tool for Dynamically Measuring Protein Adsorption....Pages 269-285
Measurement of Protein Adsorption to Solid Surfaces in Relation to Blood Compatibility Using Radioiodine Labelling Methods....Pages 287-330
Introduction....Pages 331-331
Modified Resonance Thrombography....Pages 333-357
Quantitative Platelet Aggregation In Vitro....Pages 359-375
Platelet Deposition on Biomaterials measured with a Capillary Perfusion Model....Pages 377-393
Enzyme Immunoassay Determination of Specific Proteins in Plasma....Pages 395-408
Human Adult Endothelial Cell Culture Conditions for Optimal Colonization of Biomaterials Used in Vascular Surgery....Pages 409-423
Determination of Protein C in Plasma....Pages 425-430
A Centrifugation Technique for the Preparation of Suspensions of Non Activated Washed Human Platelets....Pages 431-439
Measurement of Circulating Fibrinopeptide A in Plasma....Pages 441-447
Assessment of the Fibrinolytic System....Pages 449-458
Introduction....Pages 459-460
Dynamic Ex Vivo Thrombogenicity Test in Modified Dudley Test....Pages 461-480
Ex Vivo Acute Arteriovenous Shunt....Pages 481-493
Chronic Artificial External Arterio-Venous Shunt....Pages 495-507
Intravascular Implantation Test....Pages 509-533
Introduction....Pages 535-536
In Vitro Toxicity Test for Biomaterials....Pages 537-544
In Vitro Toxicity Tests Using Biological Methods....Pages 545-567
In Vitro Cytocompatibility Tests....Pages 569-594
Introduction....Pages 595-598
Rules for Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) General Considerations....Pages 599-614
Rules for Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) General Considerations....Pages 615-643
Back Matter....Pages 645-684